2024 Research Grants

Continuous, Accurate and Cost-effective Counting of Migrating Salmon for Conservation and Fishery Management in the Pacific Northwest

PIs: Pietro Perona and Georgia Gkioxari
Research Team: Suzanne Stathatos
Division of Engineering and Applied Science
Ecology and Biosphere Engineering Initiative

We will develop and provide an automated sonar-based system for counting with high accuracy migrating salmonid (salmon and trout) populations as they return to their natal rivers to spawn. Our system will be affordable and will be accurate in all rivers, and all water conditions. We will strive to make our system the standard measurement system for fishery management, and we will partner with fishery managers to achieve real-time data-driven management of salmon populations, big and small, throughout the Pacific Northwest. We will also partner with governmental agencies and environmental nonprofits to accurately assess the success of salmon habitat conservation projects

Hydrological Hazards under Climate Change: AI-Accelerated Risk Predictions

PIs: Tapio Schneider, Anima Anandkumar, and Andrew Stuart
Research Team: TBD
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Science
Climate Science Initiative

Our mission is to achieve a step change in the accuracy and usability of risk predictions for hydro-logical hazards, which are responsible for the greatest losses of property and life among weatherand climate disasters. Through the synergistic power of merging physical models with cutting-edgeAI tools that allow us to harness diverse data, we strive to achieve transformative improvements inhydrological risk predictions, enabling better preparedness, mitigation, and management of theseevents. Our ultimate goal is to enhance the safety and resilience of communities worldwide, em-powering them to respond effectively to the challenges posed by climate change.

Antarctic Ocean-Ice Interactions: Pathways to Catastrophic Sea Level Rise

PIs: Andrew F. Thompson, Jane Bae, Hannah Druckenmiller, Ruby Fu, and Mark Simons
Research Team: Diederik Beckers, Ching-Te Lin, Junning Liu, Ruth Moorman, and Auden Reid-McLaughlin
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
Climate Science Initiative

This project will assess the potential for non-linearities in Antarctic Ice Sheet evolution associated with high-frequency ocean-ice interactions. Using observations, process-based modeling, and coupled ocean-ice shelf simulations, we will develop new ocean forcing fields that represent these physics, and through collaboration with project partners, will contribute to updated sea level rise projections and their economic cost. Expansion of sea-level research on campus to the EAS and HSS Divisions and preparation for future monitoring efforts will solidify Caltech-JPL as a center of excellence in modeling and observing ocean-ice sheet systems and estimating economic impacts related to sea level rise.

Understanding the Networked Dynamics of Social Pressure: Application to adoption of pollution-reducing cookstoves in Nepal

PIs: Marina Agranov and Juni Singh
Division of Engineering and Applied Science
Climate Science Initiative

About 40% of the world's population still relies on traditional biomass and fossil fuels as primary energy sources. Our project will uncover mechanisms that induce rural households to transition to cleaner energy sources and reduce CO2 emissions in the air. Purely technological and economic interventions miss the complex human side of decision-making. Interventions focused on capital constraints, time use, and reliability of electricity have shown a mild impact on adoption. What matters, however, is the local information flow that raises individuals' value for adoption. This project aims to understand how information flows in Nepalese villages affect the adoption of electric cookstoves. The implications are not limited to Nepal and can be applied to other contexts. Indeed, extensive literature has shown that positive peer information flows facilitate the diffusion of socially productive behavior such as vaccination. The novelty of this project is that I apply these ideas to capital goods that can produce better environmental outcomes.

A Physics-Based, Data-Ready, Modular Workflow for Sedimentary Geothermal Energy for Turning Hydrocarbon Reservoirs into Geothermal Power

PIs: Jean-Phillipe Avouac
Research Team: Mateo Acosta, Kyungjae Im, and Ruby Fu
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences and Division of Engineering and Applied Science
Water Resources Initiative

This work will provide an accessible and versatile platform to perform design and optimization of the re-conversion of hydrocarbon reservoirs to produce clean and sustainable geothermal power.

From Sediment to Spodumene: Age-dependent Lithium Fractionation in Granites

PI: Claire Bucholz
Research Team: Paolo Sanchez
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences
Climate Science Initiative and Sunlight to Everything Initiative

We aim to comprehensively investigate lithium enrichment mechanisms in S-type granites and the formation of lithium-cesium-tantalum pegmatites, utilizing geochemical analysis, thermodynamic modeling, and exploration modeling to address critical gaps in understanding lithium deposits and their geological origins.

Towards an Efficient Magnetic Refrigerator

PIs: Brent Fultz and Linda Ye
Research Team: Elena Priesen Reis
Division of Engineering and Applied Science and Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy
Climate Science Initiative

We propose to determine if magnetic refrigeration can reduce the environmental impact of conventional refrigeration by developing a practical magnetic material.

A modular microbial consortium for bioremediation

PI: Sarkis Mazmanian and Matt Thomson
Research Team: Joseph Boktor
Division of Biology and Biological Engineering
Water Resources Initiative and Ecology and Biosphere Engineering Initiative

We propose a bold research program to design, generate, and validate a synthetic microbial consortium, inspired by activated sludge from local wastewater treatment plants, as a modular and adaptive scaffold for bioremediation of current and emerging contaminants